The dense metal titanium is highly valued by the aviation industry because of its lighter weight, higher strength than aluminum alloys, and its ability to maintain higher strength than aluminum at high temperatures. In view of the density of titanium being 57% of steel, its specific strength (strength/weight ratio or strength/density ratio is called specific strength) is high, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and fatigue resistance are all strong. 3/4 of titanium alloy is used as Structural materials represented by aviation structural alloys, one-fourth of them are mainly used as corrosion-resistant alloys. Titanium alloys are divided into low strength and high plasticity, medium strength and high strength, ranging from 200 (low strength) to 1300 (high strength) MPa, but in general, titanium alloys can be regarded as high strength alloys. They are stronger than aluminum alloys that are considered to be medium-strength, and can completely replace certain types of steel in terms of strength. Compared with the rapid decline in strength of aluminum alloys at temperatures above 150°C, some titanium alloys can still maintain good strength at 600°C.
In addition to strength, titanium alloys can be divided into heat resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature and special functions (such as TiNi shape memory alloy, TiFe hydrogen storage alloy) according to use, and can be divided into α, α + β, β and near α according to phase composition. , Metastable and other types. So far, more than 100 types of alloy grades have been put into production, and only more than 10 types are widely used in industry. Among them, Ti-6Al-4V, which is used as a structural alloy, occupies 60% of the entire sales market of titanium alloys, occupying a dominant position, followed by Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, which has a long-term working temperature of up to 500°C (strength is 780~ 980 MPa).
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