Laser braze welding
Laser braze welding has incomparable advantages to other welding methods, it’s stability and automation, not affected by the magnetic field, especially suitable for precise titanium and titanium alloy pipe. As a non-uniform body, The structure and properties of welding joint are greatly changed, and the plastic damage behavior of joint is quite different from that of homogeneous material. The results show that the fatigue life of titanium alloy thin plate laser welding and active laser welding head is lower than that of base metal. The defocusing of the laser beam is also the key factor to affect the weld-forming quality.
Electron beam welding
From the early 1960s, as an advanced high-energy beam processing method, electron beam welding began to be applied to the welding of precious metals in the atomic energy industry, aircraft manufacturing and aerospace industry. Titanium absorbs O2 and N2 at high temperature rapidly, making the welding seam brittle, while vacuum electron beam can obtain high-quality welding joint, which is a unique advantage of vacuum electron beam welding. With the rapid development of the application of cutting-edge technologies such as aerospace, the uniqueness of materials used for aerospace parts and the particularity of welding requirements make electron beam welding quickly become a necessary process for the processing of these important parts, which is widely used in the welding of aircraft important bearing parts and engine rotor parts.
The electron beam welding of titanium alloy plate can be realized by adopting reasonable welding process. Obtaining a reliable joint is the key for electron beam when welding titanium alloy, because the reliability of joint performance will directly affect the safety of titanium alloy structure. Saresh of the National Institute of Technology Calicut in India performed single-channel electron beam welding on the 17.5mm thick titanium alloy plate, but the weld head failed to realize full penetration welding. When double-channel double-side electron beam welding is adopted, the total penetration welding of titanium alloy plate with a thickness of 17.5mm can be achieved, but the backside welding shall be followed as far as possible after the front welding is completed to avoid the fusion zone hole caused by welding joint pollution.
Even the mature welding technical, there are many basic factors make titanium difficult welding from other metals: a higher melting point and layers of shielding to prevent oxidation. In spite of the precautions that need to be taken, many engineers are more routinely and economically welding titanium.